Simple past tense
Bilgini test edin'SIMPLE Past Tense'in işlevleri
'Simple past' kipi şimdiki zamandan önce bir zamanda tamamlanmış bir eylem hakkında konuşmak için kullanılır. Süreç önemli değildir. Eylemin gerçekleşme zamanı geçmişte yakın bir zaman ya da uzun bir zaman önce olabilir.
Örnekler
- John Cabot sailed to America in 1498.
- My father died last year.
- He lived in Fiji in 1976.
- We crossed the Channel yesterday.
Bir şeyin ne zaman gerçekleştiğinin belirtildiği durumlarda her zaman 'simple past' kipi kullanılır, bu yüzden bazı belirli geçmiş zaman ifadeleri ile ilişkilidir
-
sıklık: often, sometimes, always
I sometimes walked home at lunchtime.
I often brought my lunch to school. -
zamanda belirli bir nokta: last week, when I was a child, yesterday, six weeks ago
We saw a good film last week.
Yesterday, I arrived in Geneva.
She finished her work atseven o'clock
I went to the theatre last night - zamanda belirsiz bir nokta: the other day, ages ago, a long time ago People lived in caves a long time ago.
- She played the piano when she was a child.
Not: ago kelimesi geçmişe doğru bir uzaklık belirtmek için kullanışlıdır. zaman aralığından sonra kullanılır: a week ago, three years ago, a minute ago.
'SIMPLE Past' Kipini Oluşturma
Düzenli fiiller için 'SIMPLE past' kipi kalıpları
| Olumlu | ||
| Özne | + fiil + ed | |
| I | skipped. | |
| Olumsuz | ||
| Özne | + did not | + to olmadan mastar |
| They | didn't | go. |
| Soru Cümlesi | ||
| Did | + özne | + to olmadan mastar |
| Did | she | arrive? |
| Olumsuz Soru Cümlesi | ||
| Did not | + özne | + to olmadan mastar |
| Didn't | you | play? |
To Walk
| Olumlu | Olumsuz | Soru Cümlesi |
|---|---|---|
| I walked | I didn't walk | Did I walk? |
| You walked | You didn't walk | Did you walk? |
| He walked | He didn't walk | Did he walk? |
| We walked | We didn't walk | Did we walk? |
| They walked | They didn't walk | Did they walk? |
'to be, to have, to do' fiillerinin 'simple past' kipi
| Özne | Fiil | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Be | Have | Do | |
| I | was | had | did |
| You | were | had | did |
| He/She/It | was | had | did |
| We | were | had | did |
| You | were | had | did |
| They | were | had | did |
Olumlu, olumsuz, & soru soran biçimler üzerine notlar
Olumlu
'Simple past' kipinin olumlu hali kolaydır.
- I was in Japan last year
- She had a headache yesterday.
- We did our homework last night.
Olumsuz ve soru soran
"Do" fiilinin normal bir fiil olarak 'simple past' kipinde olumsuz ve soru soran biçimleri için, "do" yardımcı fiilini kullanın, örneğin We didn't do our homework last night.
"Have" fiilinin 'simple past' kipinde olumsuz biçimi genellikle "do" yardımcı fiili kullanılarak oluşturulur, fakat bazen sadece not veya "n't" kısaltması eklenerek oluşturulur.
"Have" fiilinin 'simple past' kipindeki soru soran biçimi genellikle "do" yardımcı fiilini kullanır.
Örnekler
- They weren't in Rio last summer.
- We didn't have any money.
- We didn't have time to visit the Eiffel Tower.
- We didn't do our exercises this morning.
- Were they in Iceland last January?
- Did you have a bicycle when you were young?
- Did you do much climbing in Switzerland?
Not: tüm fiillerin 'simple past' kipindeki olumsuz ve soru soran biçimleri için her zaman "did" yardımcı fiili kullanılır.
'SIMPLE past', düzensiz fiiller
Bazı fiiller 'simple past' kipinde düzensizdir. En yaygın olanları aşağıda verilmiştir.
to go
- He went to a club last night.
- Did he go to the cinema last night?
- He didn't go to bed early last night.
to GIVE
- We gave her a doll for her birthday.
- They didn't give John their new address.
- Did Barry give you my passport?
to come
- My parents came to visit me last July.
- We didn't come because it was raining.
- Did he come to your party last week?