Emir ve isteklerin dolaylı anlatımı
Bir emri veya isteği aktarmak istediğimizde, 'tell' gibi bir fiili to ile başlayan bir cümlecik ile kullanabiliriz: He told me to go away. Kalıp şu şekildedir: fiil + dolaylı nesne + to ile başlayan cümlecik. Dolaylı nesne, cümlede konuşulan (emir veya isteği alan) kişidir. Emir ve isteklerin dolaylı anlatımında kullanılan diğer fiiller: command, order, warn, ask, advise, invite, beg, teach, & forbid.
Örnekler
| Dolaysız anlatım | Dolaylı anlatım |
|---|---|
| The doctor said to me, "Stop smoking!". | The doctor told me to stop smoking. |
| "Get out of the car!" said the policeman. | The policeman ordered him to get out of the car. |
| "Could you please be quiet," she said. | She asked me to be quiet. |
| The man with the gun said to us, "Don't move!" | The man with the gun warned us not to move. |
Nesneler için istekler
Nesneler için istekler, "asked for" + nesne kalıbı kullanılarak aktarılır.
Örnekler
| Dolaysız anlatım | Dolaylı anlatım |
|---|---|
| "Can I have an apple?", she asked. | She asked for an apple. |
| "Can I have the newspaper, please?" | He asked for the newspaper. |
| "May I have a glass of water?" he said. | He asked for a glass of water. |
| "Sugar, please." | She asked for the sugar. |
| "Could I have three kilos of onions?" | He asked for three kilos of onions. |
Öneriler
Öneriler genellikle ardından that ile başlayan cümlecik gelen suggest, insist, recommend, demand, request, ve propose fiileri kullanılarak aktarılır. Aşağıda ilk iki örnekte gösterildiği gibi, 'that' ve 'should' bu cümleciklerde isteğe bağlı olarak kullanılır. Dolaylı nesneyi (öneriyi alan kişi) çıkartmak ve böylece öneriyi daha da kibarlaştırmak amacıyla suggest, recommend, ve propose fiilerinden sonra fiilden türetilen bir isim gelebileceğini dikkate alın.
Örnekler
| Dolaysız anlatım | Dolaylı anlatım |
|---|---|
| She said, "Why don't you get a mechanic to look at the car?" |
She suggested that I should get a mechanic to look at the car. VEYA She suggested I should get a mechanic to look at the car. VEYA She suggested that I get a mechanic to look at the car.VEYA She suggested I get a mechanic to look at the car. |
| "Why don't you go to the doctor?" he said. |
He suggested I go to the doctor. VEYA He suggested that I go to the doctor. VEYA He suggested I should go to the doctor.VEYA He suggested that I should go to the doctor. |
| "It would be a good idea to see the dentist", said my mother. | My mother suggested I see the dentist. |
| The dentist said, "I think you should use a different toothbrush". | The dentist recommended using a different toothbrush. |
| You said, "I don't think you have time to see the dentist this week." | You suggested postponing my visit to the dentist. |
| I said, "I don't think you should see the dentist this week." | I suggested postponing your visit to the dentist. |
| My manager said, "I think we should examine the budget carefully at this meeting." | My manager proposed that we examine the budget carefully at the meeting. |
| "Why don't you sleep overnight at my house?" she said. | She suggested that I sleep overnight at her house. |